The ERF function in Excel is a mathematical function used to compute the error function, which is widely employed in statistics, probability theory, and partial differential equations. This function helps determine the probability of a normally distributed random variable falling within a specified range. In simple terms it is the area under the bell curve between 2 points.

Syntax

ERF(lower_limit, upper_limit)

• lower_limit: The lower boundary for integration.
• upper_limit: The upper boundary for integration.

Example #1

=ERF(1, 2)

This function calculates the error function between 0 and 1. The result would be approximately 0.1526.

Example #2

=ERF(-1, 1)

This example calculates the error function from -1 to 1. The outcome would yield approximately 1.68, indicating the probability within that range.

Error handling

• VALUE!: This error occurs if the function receives non-numeric inputs for either of the limits.
• NUM!: This error is returned if the limits provided are too large or not representable within Excel’s capabilities.

Conclusion

The ERF function is a powerful tool for analyzing probabilities associated with normal distributions. It provides invaluable insights in various fields, including science and engineering, helping users to make informed decisions based on statistical analysis.