The T.INV function in Google Sheets is a statistical function that calculates the t-value for a given probability and degrees of freedom. It is particularly useful in hypothesis testing and confidence interval estimation, allowing analysts to make data-informed decisions based on statistical significance.

Syntax

T.INV(probability, degrees_freedom)

• probability: The probability associated with the two-tailed t-distribution (must be between 0 and 1).
• degrees_freedom: The degrees of freedom associated with the t-distribution, which is typically calculated as the sample size minus one.

Example #1

=T.INV(0.05, 10)

This function calculates the t-value for a confidence level of 95% (0.05 for the tails) with 10 degrees of freedom. The result would be approximately -2.228.

Example #2

=T.INV(0.01, 20)

This function finds the t-value for a confidence level of 99% (0.01 for the tails) with 20 degrees of freedom. The result would be approximately -2.845.

Example #3

=T.INV(0.10, 15)

This calculation determines the t-value for a confidence level of 90% (0.10 for the tails) with 15 degrees of freedom. The result would be about -1.753.

Error handling

• NUM! Occurs when the probability is not between 0 and 1.
• DIV/0! Happens if the degrees of freedom are less than 1.
• VALUE! Indicates that the input for probability or degrees of freedom is not a valid number.

Conclusion

In summary, the T.INV function is a valuable tool for statistical analysis, aiding in hypothesis testing and estimation of confidence intervals. By understanding its parameters and potential error messages, users can confidently apply it to various data-driven scenarios.