The LOG function in Google Sheets is a powerful tool for performing logarithmic calculations. It allows users to compute the logarithm of a specified number, leveraging a chosen base. This function is particularly valuable in various fields such as mathematics, engineering, and data analysis, where logarithmic transformations are commonly applied.

Syntax

LOG(number, [base])

• number: The value for which you want to calculate the logarithm.
• base: (Optional) The base of the logarithm. If omitted, Google Sheets defaults to base 10.

Example #1

=LOG(100)

In this case, the function computes the base 10 logarithm of 100, resulting in 2.00.

Example #2

=LOG(8, 2)

This function calculates the logarithm of 8 with a base of 2, which results in a value of 3.00, since 2 raised to the power of 3 equals 8.

Example #3

=LOG(1000, 10)

Here, the function computes the base 10 logarithm of 1000, yielding a result of 3.00, since 10 raised to the power of 3 equals 1000.

Error handling

• NUM! This error occurs when the ‘number’ is less than or equal to zero.
• VALUE! This error is displayed when the input type is incorrect, such as when a text string is provided instead of a number.
• DIV/0! This may occur if the base is set to zero or not specified, leading to an undefined logarithmic operation.

Conclusion

The LOG function in Google Sheets is an essential utility for performing logarithmic calculations. By understanding its syntax and potential error messages, users can effectively leverage this function to enhance their data analysis capabilities. Utilizing the LOG function facilitates a deeper comprehension of mathematical relationships and trends within datasets.